Testing the environmental prediction hypothesis for mast-seeding in California oaks
نویسندگان
چکیده
We analyzed 29 years of acorn production by five species of California oaks (genus Quercus) to test the hypothesis that trees produce large seed crops prior to wet years, conditions facilitating seedling germination and survival. The mean crop of three of the species correlated positively and nontrivially with the following year’s rainfall, but none was statistically significant. Including the acorn crop 1 and 2 years earlier yielded several significant relationships between the acorn crop and future rainfall, but none held up when applied to a second, independent site. Across individuals, acorn production by 7% of trees correlated significantly with subsequent rainfall. Although these trees differed from other trees in several characters, differences were not sufficient to discriminate between trees that correlated significantly with subsequent rainfall from those that did not. We conclude that acorn production by California oaks does not forecast wet years and does not support the environmental prediction hypothesis. Résumé : Nous avons analysé la production de glands durant 29 années chez cinq espèces de chêne de la Californie (genre Quercus) pour tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle les arbres produisent de grandes quantités de glands en prévision des années de forte pluviosité qui favorise la germination et la survie des semis. La production moyenne de trois des espèces était positivement et sans équivoque corrélée avec la pluviosité de l’année suivante mais aucune corrélation n’était statistiquement significative. Le fait d’inclure la production de glands durant les 2 années précédentes a produit plusieurs relations significatives entre la production de glands et la pluviosité future mais aucune de ces relations ne tenait lorsqu’elles étaient appliquées à un deuxième site indépendant. Sur une base individuelle, la production de glands de 7 % des arbres était significativement corrélée avec la pluviosité subséquente. Bien que ces arbres fussent différents des autres sur la base de plusieurs caractères, ces différences n’étaient pas suffisantes pour distinguer les arbres dont la production de glands était significativement corrélée avec la pluviosité subséquente de ceux dont la production de glands ne l’était pas. Nous concluons que la production de glands des chênes de la Californie ne permet pas de prévoir les années de forte pluviosité et ne supporte donc pas l’hypothèse de la prévision environnementale. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
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